How to add image with border into table cell in Word with Apache POI?

As always if the current high level apache poi classes not provide some Office Open XML features, do the following:

First do what is provided and have a look at the underlying XML you get created. In that case, do:

// table is a XWPFTable object instantiated earlier in the code
XWPFParagraph paragraph = table.getRow(0).getCell(0).addParagraph();
XWPFRun run = paragraph.createRun();
FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("C:\\ [filepath for the image]");
XWPFPicture picture = run.addPicture(fis, XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG, "Name", Units.pixelToEMU(300), Units.pixelToEMU(150));
System.out.println(picture.getCTPicture());

You will get something like:

<xml-fragment xmlns:pic="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/picture" xmlns:a="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/drawingml/2006/main" xmlns:rel="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/officeDocument/2006/relationships">
  <pic:nvPicPr>
    <pic:cNvPr id="0" name="Picture 0" descr="Name"/>
    <pic:cNvPicPr>
      <a:picLocks noChangeAspect="true"/>
    </pic:cNvPicPr>
  </pic:nvPicPr>
  <pic:blipFill>
    <a:blip rel:embed="rId2"/>
    <a:stretch>
      <a:fillRect/>
    </a:stretch>
  </pic:blipFill>
  <pic:spPr>
    <a:xfrm>
      <a:off x="0" y="0"/>
      <a:ext cx="2857500" cy="1428750"/>
    </a:xfrm>
    <a:prstGeom prst="rect">
      <a:avLst/>
    </a:prstGeom>
  </pic:spPr>
</xml-fragment>

Now open the result in Word and add what you want. In that case add the border around the picture. Then save the result, unzip the *.docx Zip archive and have a look at /word/document.xml to get what has changed.

You will find something like:

<a:ln w="28575">
  <a:solidFill>
    <a:srgbClr val="000000"/>
  </a:solidFill>
</a:ln>

added to <pic:spPr>.

Now try creating that using the low level ooxml-schema classes of apache poi:

...
XWPFPicture picture = run.addPicture(fis, XWPFDocument.PICTURE_TYPE_PNG, "Name", Units.pixelToEMU(300), Units.pixelToEMU(150));
System.out.println(picture.getCTPicture());

picture.getCTPicture().getSpPr().addNewLn().setW(Units.toEMU(2.25));
picture.getCTPicture().getSpPr().getLn().addNewSolidFill().addNewSrgbClr().setVal(new byte[]{0,0,0});
System.out.println(picture.getCTPicture());
...