I have set up a virtual machine and specified an IP address for it that is outside my home network. I cannot ping this machine and access it through the Internet from my host machine. I presume it is due to the fact that my ISP gives out only one public IP for my entire network and thus my VM is left without one.
Is there any scenario where the same public IP can be used for different networks?
I guess if we make sure distinct ports are used it could theoretically work out, but is there any place where this occurs already in practice?
I do wonder if the question you asked represents what you are trying to establish. I suspect the answer is somewhat academic to you.
Is there any scenario where the same public IP can be used for different networks? -
Yes.
When an ISP does Carrier Grade NAT multiple networks are hidden behond a pool of IP addresses. A number of different networks may share the same IP (at the same time).
Its not ideal but possible for the same IP address to appear in multiple locations in some CDN setups. I imagine this has been largely superceded.
It is possible for an IP to be allocated and then then disconnected and reallocated. This means the IP is used on multiple networks but only one at a tome - and still within the ISPs control.
Intercepting firewalls (like the great firewall of China) may advertise and route IP addresses differently to intercept traffic.
Its probably a configuration error unless used in a CDN config, but if dynamic routing goes wrong this can happen - but it will split the Internet.
The last one is a cop-out now, but the Internet used to be AN internet - It is technically posdible to run your own IPv4 (or IPv6 network and connect up with a whole lot of others and ignore the existing Internet. 30 years ago that concept was not an anathms - but I expect ut is now.
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