I have been working with the FHIR REST API for a while but haven't had any experience with Python. As my first python project I am attempting to create a simple python script that can read and write to an open API. I am able to read but I am stuck on creating a successful POST due to the following: error [TypeError("unhashable type: 'dict'")]. I don't fully understand how the python dictionary works and attempted to use a tuple but get the same error.
import requests #REST Access to FHIR Server
print('Search patient by MRN to find existing appointment')
MRN = input("Enter patient's MRN -try CT12181 :")
url = 'http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4/Patient?identifier='+MRN
print('Searching for Patient by MRN...@'+url)
response = requests.get(url)
json_response = response.json()
try:
key='entry'
EntryArray=json_response[key]
FirstEntry=EntryArray[0]
key='resource'
resource=FirstEntry['resource']
id=resource['id']
PatientServerId= id
patientName = resource['name'][0]['given'][0] + ' ' +resource['name'][0]['family']
print('Patient Found')
print('Patient Id:'+id)
#Searching for assertppointments
url='http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4/Appointment?patient='+id #fhir server endpoint
#Print appointment data
print('Now Searching for Appointments...@'+url)
appt_response = requests.get(url).json()
key='entry'
EntryArray=appt_response[key]
print (f'Appointment(s) found for the patient {patientName}')
for entry in EntryArray:
appt=entry['resource']
# print('-------------------------')
# Date=appt['start']
# Status=appt['status']
# print(appt_response)
#print ('AppointmentStartDate/Time: ' ,appt['start'])
print ('Status: ' ,appt['status'])
print ('ID: ' ,appt['id'])
print('Search for open general practice slot?')
option = input('Enter yes or no: ')
while not(option == 'yes'):
print('Please search a different paitent')
option = input('Enter yes or no: ')
url = 'http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4/Slot?service-type=57' #fhir server endpoint
print('Searching for General Practice Slot...@'+url)
slot_response = requests.get(url).json()
key='entry'
EntryArray=slot_response[key]
print ('Slot(s) found for the service type General Practice')
for entry in EntryArray:
slot=entry['resource']
#print('-------------------------')
#slotDate=slot['start']
#slotStatus=slot['status']
print (f'SlotID: ' +slot['id'])
#print (f'Status: ' +slot['status'])
print('Book a slot?')
option = input('Enter yes or no: ')
while not(option == 'yes'):
print('Please search a different paitent')
option = input('Enter yes or no: ')
#Book slot
slotID = input("Enter slot ID :")
url = 'http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4/Appointment' #fhir server endpoint
print('Booking slot...@'+url)
headers = {"Content-Type": "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"}
data = {{"resourceType": "Appointment","status": "booked","slot": tuple({"reference":"Slot/104602"}),"participant": tuple({"actor": {"reference":"Patient/1229151","status": "accepted"}}),"reasonCode": tuple({"text": "I have a cramp"})}}
#fhir server json header content
# headers = {"Content-Type": "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"}
response = requests.post(url=url,headers=headers,data=data)
print(response)
print(response.json())
except Exception as e:
print ('error' ,[e])
I was expecting the JSON data to successfully write to the API. I am able to use the same JSON data in Postman to make a call, but I am not as familiar on how this should work within Python.
It looks like the Appointment POST endpoint accepts a simple payload like:
{
"resourceType": "Appointment"
}
Which then returns a corresponding ID, according to the API docs.
This differs from what you seem to be attempting in your code, where you try to pass other details to this endpoint:
ata = {{"resourceType": "Appointment","status": "booked","slot": tuple({"reference":"Slot/104602"}),"participant": tuple({"actor": {"reference":"Patient/1229151","status": "accepted"}}),"reasonCode": tuple({"text": "I have a cramp"})}}
However, to make a POST request to the endpoint as documented in the docs, perhaps try the json argument to requests.post. Something along the lines of:
>>> import requests
>>> headers = {"Content-Type": "application/fhir+json;charset=utf-8"}
>>> json_payload = {
... "resourceType": "Appointment"
... }
>>> url = 'http://hapi.fhir.org/baseR4/Appointment'
>>> r = requests.post(url, headers=headers, json=json_payload)
>>> r
<Response [201]>
>>> r.json()
{'resourceType': 'Appointment', 'id': '2261980', 'meta': {'versionId': '1', 'lastUpdated': '2022-03-25T23:40:42.621+00:00'}}
>>>
If you're already familiar with this API, then perhaps this might help. I suspect you then need to send another POST or PATCH request to another endpoint, using the ID returned in your first request to enter the relevant data.
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