PythonとMatplotlibを使用してOrigin(下の画像を参照)によって作成されたウォーターフォールプロットを作成しようとしています。
一般的なスキームは私には理にかなっています。表面プロットを作成するかのように2Dマトリックスから始めて、ここのStackOverflowの質問に示されているレシピのいずれかに従うことができます。アイデアは、マトリックスの各線を3D空間の個別の曲線としてプロットすることです。
このmatplotlibメソッドは、次のようなプロットになります。
The struggle I am having is that the sense of perspective that is clear in the Origin plot is lost in the matplotlib version. You can argue that this is partially due to the camera angle, but I think more importantly it comes from the closer lines appearing "in front" of the lines that are farther away.
My question is, how would you properly imitate the waterfall plot from Origin in Matplotlib with the perspective effect? I don't really understand what it is about the two plots that's so different, so even defining the exact problem is difficult.
Update: as you've now updated your question to make clearer what you're after, let me demonstrate three different ways to plot such data, which all have lots of pros and cons. The general gist (at least for me!) is that matplotlib
is bad in 3D, especially when it comes to creating publishable figures (again, my personal opinion, your mileage may vary.)
What I did: I've used the original data behind the second image you've posted. In all cases, I used zorder
and added polygon data (in 2D: fill_between()
, in 3D: PolyCollection
) to enhance the "3D effect", i.e. to enable "plotting in front of each other". The code below shows:
plot_2D_a()
uses color to indicate angle, hence keeping the original y-axis; though this technically can now only be used to read out the foremost line plot, it still gives the reader a "feeling" for the y scale.plot_2D_b()
removes unnecessary spines/ticks and rather adds the angle as text labels; this comes closest to the second image you've postedplot_3D()
uses mplot3d
to make a "3D" plot; while this can now be rotated to analyze the data, it breaks (at least for me) when trying to zoom, yielding cut-off data and/or hidden axes.結局、で滝のプロットを達成するための多くの方法がありmatplotlib
、あなたはあなたが何を求めているかを自分で決める必要があります。個人的に、私はおそらく私たちがしたいplot_2D_a()
ことはで簡単に再スケーリングすることができますので、ほとんどの時間、多かれ少なかれ「すべての3次元」も適切な軸を維持しながら(+カラーバー)読者ができるようにすること、関連するすべての情報を取得するあなたはどこかにそれを公開したら、静止画像として。
コード:
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib.collections import PolyCollection
import numpy as np
def offset(myFig,myAx,n=1,yOff=60):
dx, dy = 0., yOff/myFig.dpi
return myAx.transData + mpl.transforms.ScaledTranslation(dx,n*dy,myFig.dpi_scale_trans)
## taken from
## http://www.gnuplotting.org/data/head_related_impulse_responses.txt
df=pd.read_csv('head_related_impulse_responses.txt',delimiter="\t",skiprows=range(2),header=None)
df=df.transpose()
def plot_2D_a():
""" a 2D plot which uses color to indicate the angle"""
fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(5,6))
sampling=2
thetas=range(0,360)[::sampling]
cmap = mpl.cm.get_cmap('viridis')
norm = mpl.colors.Normalize(vmin=0,vmax=360)
for idx,i in enumerate(thetas):
z_ind=360-idx ## to ensure each plot is "behind" the previous plot
trans=offset(fig,ax,idx,yOff=sampling)
xs=df.loc[0]
ys=df.loc[i+1]
## note that I am using both .plot() and .fill_between(.. edgecolor="None" ..)
# in order to circumvent showing the "edges" of the fill_between
ax.plot(xs,ys,color=cmap(norm(i)),linewidth=1, transform=trans,zorder=z_ind)
## try alpha=0.05 below for some "light shading"
ax.fill_between(xs,ys,-0.5,facecolor="w",alpha=1, edgecolor="None",transform=trans,zorder=z_ind)
cbax = fig.add_axes([0.9, 0.15, 0.02, 0.7]) # x-position, y-position, x-width, y-height
cb1 = mpl.colorbar.ColorbarBase(cbax, cmap=cmap, norm=norm, orientation='vertical')
cb1.set_label('Angle')
## use some sensible viewing limits
ax.set_xlim(-0.2,2.2)
ax.set_ylim(-0.5,5)
ax.set_xlabel('time [ms]')
def plot_2D_b():
""" a 2D plot which removes the y-axis and replaces it with text labels to indicate angles """
fig,ax=plt.subplots(figsize=(5,6))
sampling=2
thetas=range(0,360)[::sampling]
for idx,i in enumerate(thetas):
z_ind=360-idx ## to ensure each plot is "behind" the previous plot
trans=offset(fig,ax,idx,yOff=sampling)
xs=df.loc[0]
ys=df.loc[i+1]
## note that I am using both .plot() and .fill_between(.. edgecolor="None" ..)
# in order to circumvent showing the "edges" of the fill_between
ax.plot(xs,ys,color="k",linewidth=0.5, transform=trans,zorder=z_ind)
ax.fill_between(xs,ys,-0.5,facecolor="w", edgecolor="None",transform=trans,zorder=z_ind)
## for every 10th line plot, add a text denoting the angle.
# There is probably a better way to do this.
if idx%10==0:
textTrans=mpl.transforms.blended_transform_factory(ax.transAxes, trans)
ax.text(-0.05,0,u'{0}º'.format(i),ha="center",va="center",transform=textTrans,clip_on=False)
## use some sensible viewing limits
ax.set_xlim(df.loc[0].min(),df.loc[0].max())
ax.set_ylim(-0.5,5)
## turn off the spines
for side in ["top","right","left"]:
ax.spines[side].set_visible(False)
## and turn off the y axis
ax.set_yticks([])
ax.set_xlabel('time [ms]')
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
def plot_3D():
""" a 3D plot of the data, with differently scaled axes"""
fig=plt.figure(figsize=(5,6))
ax= fig.gca(projection='3d')
"""
adjust the axes3d scaling, taken from https://stackoverflow.com/a/30419243/565489
"""
# OUR ONE LINER ADDED HERE: to scale the x, y, z axes
ax.get_proj = lambda: np.dot(Axes3D.get_proj(ax), np.diag([1, 2, 1, 1]))
sampling=2
thetas=range(0,360)[::sampling]
verts = []
count = len(thetas)
for idx,i in enumerate(thetas):
z_ind=360-idx
xs=df.loc[0].values
ys=df.loc[i+1].values
## To have the polygons stretch to the bottom,
# you either have to change the outermost ydata here,
# or append one "x" pixel on each side and then run this.
ys[0] = -0.5
ys[-1]= -0.5
verts.append(list(zip(xs, ys)))
zs=thetas
poly = PolyCollection(verts, facecolors = "w", edgecolors="k",linewidth=0.5 )
ax.add_collection3d(poly, zs=zs, zdir='y')
ax.set_ylim(0,360)
ax.set_xlim(df.loc[0].min(),df.loc[0].max())
ax.set_zlim(-0.5,1)
ax.set_xlabel('time [ms]')
# plot_2D_a()
# plot_2D_b()
plot_3D()
plt.show()
Collected from the Internet
Please contact [email protected] to delete if infringement.
Comments