I have a running Django blog with sqlite3 db at my local machine. What I want is to
Before I ran into the first step, I jumped into the second first. I followed this web page (on MacOS). I created databases called djangolocaldb
on root user and have those infos in /etc/mysql/my.cnf
like this:
# /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[client]
database=djangolocaldb
user=root
password=ROOTPASSWORD
default-character-set=utf8
Of course I created db, but not table within it.
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| djangolocaldb |
| employees |
| information_schema |
| mydatabase |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)
I changed settings.py
like this as the web page suggested. Here's how:
# settings.py
...
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
#'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
'OPTIONS' : {
'read_default_file': '/etc/mysql/my.cnf',
}
}
}
...
Now, when I run python manage.py runserver
with my venv
activated, I got a brutal traceback like this(I ran python manage.py migrate
first, and the traceback looked almost the same anyway):
(.venv) ➜ django-local-blog git:(master) ✗ python manage.py runserver
Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 18, in <module>
from . import _mysql
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so, 2): Library not loaded: @rpath/libmysqlclient.21.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/_mysql.cpython-37m-darwin.so
Reason: image not found
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 926, in _bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/lib/python3.7/threading.py", line 870, in run
self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
autoreload.raise_last_exception()
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 76, in raise_last_exception
raise _exception[1]
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 357, in execute
autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
fn(*args, **kwargs)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
app_config.import_models()
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 211, in import_models
self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 2, in <module>
from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 47, in <module>
class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 121, in __new__
new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 325, in add_to_class
value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 208, in contribute_to_class
self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 207, in __getitem__
backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/.pyenv/versions/3.7.6/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 16, in <module>
import MySQLdb as Database
File "/Users/gwanghyeongim/Documents/py/coreyMS_pj/django-local-blog/.venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/MySQLdb/__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
version_info, _mysql.version_info, _mysql.__file__
NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined
So this NameError: name '_mysql' is not defined
is the problem. I installed mysqlclient
before, changed settings.py
, made db in mysql, but none of the steps made it any helpful yet.
And I noticed that even I changed my settings.py
back to sqlite3, my blog spit the same _mysql not defined error. So I ended up reverting my commit and now I'm back to sqlite3 (at least my blog is running with it).
I'm guessing it could be that I didn't convert data first, but I'm not 100% sure of it.
Any suggestion would be much appreciated. Thank you in advance!
So as a full answer:
If you use the python package mysqlclient you still need to install the mysql client from Oracle/MySQL. This contains the C-library that the python package uses. To make things more confusing: the python package is in fact written in C for speed increases. To install this library on MacOS:
% brew install mysql-client
There's also a pure python package, with a more attractive MIT License, which can be a solution if your company or client does not allow GPL. However, it's not officially supported and some subtle bugs can occur in between releases. YMMV.
Collected from the Internet
Please contact [email protected] to delete if infringement.
Comments