Running a docker mysql container in the following command
docker run -it --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
then docker creates a running mysql container with logs as
2020-07-23 09:39:19+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.21-1debian10 started.
2020-07-23 09:39:20+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Switching to dedicated user 'mysql'
2020-07-23 09:39:20+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Entrypoint script for MySQL Server 8.0.21-1debian10 started.
2020-07-23 09:39:20+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Initializing database files
2020-07-23T09:39:20.408751Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2020-07-23T09:39:20.408909Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.21) initializing of server in progress as process 42
2020-07-23T09:39:20.424771Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-07-23T09:39:22.342488Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-07-23T09:39:26.473394Z 6 [Warning] [MY-010453] [Server] root@localhost is created with an empty password ! Please consider switching off the --initialize-insecure option.
2020-07-23 09:39:35+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Database files initialized
2020-07-23 09:39:35+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Starting temporary server
mysqld will log errors to /var/lib/mysql/da5f3f1ae045.err
mysqld is running as pid 91
2020-07-23 09:39:37+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Temporary server started.
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/iso3166.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/leap-seconds.list' as time zone. Skipping it.
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
Warning: Unable to load '/usr/share/zoneinfo/zone1970.tab' as time zone. Skipping it.
2020-07-23 09:39:56+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Stopping temporary server
2020-07-23 09:39:59+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: Temporary server stopped
2020-07-23 09:39:59+00:00 [Note] [Entrypoint]: MySQL init process done. Ready for start up.
2020-07-23T09:39:59.908211Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011070] [Server] 'Disabling symbolic links using --skip-symbolic-links (or equivalent) is the default. Consider not using this option as it' is deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
2020-07-23T09:39:59.910343Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.21) starting as process 1
2020-07-23T09:39:59.945124Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2020-07-23T09:40:00.579927Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2020-07-23T09:40:00.969050Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Bind-address: '::' port: 33060, socket: /var/run/mysqld/mysqlx.sock
2020-07-23T09:40:01.137873Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-07-23T09:40:01.138424Z 0 [System] [MY-013602] [Server] Channel mysql_main configured to support TLS. Encrypted connections are now supported for this channel.
2020-07-23T09:40:01.145079Z 0 [Warning] [MY-011810] [Server] Insecure configuration for --pid-file: Location '/var/run/mysqld' in the path is accessible to all OS users. Consider choosing a different directory.
2020-07-23T09:40:01.233430Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.0.21' socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' port: 3306 MySQL Community Server - GPL.
Trying to access the container with
mysql -h localhost -u root -p
it asks for the password, using 123456 as the password fails; using empty password also fails.
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
docker exec -it mysql mysql -uroot -p, then a prompt is out to input the password with123456, then It can successfully get access to the mysql command line. however why I can't use tableplus
From the comment above it's verified that you are able to access the mysql server inside the container, so the issue with tableplus not the container root password.
Just publish the port and it should work,
docker run -it -p 3306:3306 --name mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 mysql
Also, it seems like tableplus connecting with host MySQL instead of container one as container did not publish the port in your case so it trying to connect somewhere else.
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