Database Create table Primary key not found

There are several errors in the statements above and also not all the relevant information was made available.

Your table book_copy has a foreign key reference to the table book_catalog via the isbn column:

CREATE TABLE book_copy (
    ...
    FOREIGN KEY ( isbn )
        REFERENCES book_catalog ( isbn )

To proceed, I took the liberty to add a simple one:

CREATE TABLE book_catalog (
    isbn VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_ct PRIMARY KEY (isbn));

And similar, they history table also references another table member via the mid column:

CREATE TABLE history (
    ...
    FOREIGN KEY ( mid )
        REFERENCES member ( mid ),

I also create that one in order to proceed:

CREATE TABLE MEMBER (
    mid NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT pk_mem PRIMARY KEY (mid));

The error that you get above means what it says: There is no such primary key or unique key on the other table that you try to reference, hence a value cannot be uniquely identified and hence the integrity of the data not verified. So the database stops you from doing so in the first place.

The culprit is that you specify the PRIMARY KEY of your table book_copy to be bid,isbn while your foreign key reference in the history table only references the bid:

CREATE TABLE history (
    ...
    FOREIGN KEY ( bid )
        REFERENCES book_copy ( bid ),

So you ask the database to check the integrity on something that is not uniquely identifiable. In order to solve this you have to expand your foreign key of the history table to include the isbn column as well:

So the full DDL looks like this:

CREATE TABLE book_catalog (
    isbn VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT book_catalog_pk PRIMARY KEY (isbn));

CREATE TABLE MEMBER (
    mid NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
    CONSTRAINT member_pk PRIMARY KEY (mid));

CREATE TABLE book_copy (
    bid          NUMBER(15) NOT NULL,
    isbn         VARCHAR(15) NOT NULL,
    firstavaib   VARCHAR(9) NOT NULL,
    outservice   VARCHAR(9) NULL,
    CONSTRAINT book_copy_pk PRIMARY KEY ( bid,isbn ),
    FOREIGN KEY ( isbn )
        REFERENCES book_catalog ( isbn )
);

CREATE TABLE history (
    bid          NUMBER(15) NOT NULL,
    mid          NUMBER(10) NOT NULL,
    isbn         VARCHAR2(15) NOT NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY ( mid )
        REFERENCES member ( mid ),
    datetaken    VARCHAR(9) NOT NULL,
    datereturn   VARCHAR(9) NULL,
    FOREIGN KEY ( bid, isbn )
        REFERENCES book_copy ( bid, isbn ),
    CONSTRAINT history_pk PRIMARY KEY ( bid, datetaken )
);

There is another problem in your DDL above. In Oracle, constraint names are globally unique! That means that whatever you put after CONSTRAINT has to be unique. In the case above you use the same name primary_key for both your tables which will fail with an ORA-02264: name already used by an existing constraint error on creating the history table. You will see that I have given the primary key constraints on the tables more meaningful names.