无法通过命令行传递值

Sam 发表于 Dev

山姆

我必须编写一个程序，该程序从文件中读取并将一些分析写入文本文件。该程序必须通过命令行获取一些信息，但是我看不到，即使给定了模板也无法弄清楚。我编写了一个测试程序，以查看是否可以成功将命令行输入传递给该类。

#!/usr/bin/env python3

########################################################################
# CommandLine
########################################################################
class CommandLine() :
    '''
    Handle the command line, usage and help requests.

    CommandLine uses argparse, now standard in 2.7 and beyond. 
    it implements a standard command line argument parser with various argument options,
    a standard usage and help, and an error termination mechanism do-usage_and_die.

    attributes:
    all arguments received from the commandline using .add_argument will be
    avalable within the .args attribute of object instantiated from CommandLine.
    For example, if myCommandLine is an object of the class, and requiredbool was
    set as an option using add_argument, then myCommandLine.args.requiredbool will
    name that option.

    '''

    def __init__(self, inOpts=None) :
        '''
        CommandLine constructor.
        Implements a parser to interpret the command line argv string using argparse.
        '''

        import argparse
        self.parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = 'Program prolog - a brief description of what this thing does', 
                                             epilog = 'Program epilog - some other stuff you feel compelled to say', 
                                             add_help = True, #default is True 
                                             prefix_chars = '-', 
                                             usage = '%(prog)s [options] -option1[default] <input >output'
                                             )
        self.parser.add_argument('inFile', action = 'store', help='input file name')
        self.parser.add_argument('outFile', action = 'store', help='output file name') 
        self.parser.add_argument('-lG', '--longestGene', action = 'store', nargs='?', const=True, default=True, help='longest Gene in an ORF')
        self.parser.add_argument('-mG', '--minGene', type=int, choices= range(0, 2000), action = 'store', help='minimum Gene length')
        self.parser.add_argument('-s', '--start', action = 'append', nargs='?', help='start Codon') #allows multiple list options
        self.parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 0.1')  
        if inOpts is None :
            self.args = self.parser.parse_args()
        else :
            self.args = self.parser.parse_args(inOpts)

########################################################################
#MAIN GOES HERE
########################################################################


def main(myCommandLine=None):
    '''
    Implements the Usage exception handler that can be raised from anywhere in process.  

    '''

    myCommandLine = CommandLine(myCommandLine)

        #myCommandLine.args.inFile #has the input file name
        #myCommandLine.args.outFile #has the output file name
        #myCommandLine.args.longestGene #is True if only the longest Gene is desired
        #myCommandLine.args.start #is a list of start codons
        #myCommandLine.args.minGene #is the minimum Gene length to include

    print (myCommandLine.args) # print the parsed argument string .. as there is nothing better to do

    if myCommandLine.args.longestGene:
        print ('longestGene is', str(myCommandLine.args.longestGene) )
    else :
        pass
    class Test:
        def __init__(self):
            print(myCommandLine.args.minGene)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

class Test:
    def __init__(self):
        self.test()

    def test(self, infile = myCommandLine.args.inFile, outfile = myCommandLine.args.outFile, longest = myCommandLine.args.longestGene, start = myCommandLine.args.start, min = myCommandLine.args.minGene):
        print(infile)
        print(outfile)
        print(longest)
        print(start)
        print(min)

new_obj = Test()

命令行输入应类似于：python testcommand.py -minG 100 -longestG-启动ATG tass2ORFdata-ATG-100.txt

假设主程序转到了“ MAIN GOES HERE”，但是当我尝试显示“ myCommandline未定义”的错误时。所以我把程序移到了最后。但我收到错误消息“'>'运算符保留供将来使用”

如果这很重要，我正在使用Powershell。如何将这些数据输入我的班级？

李雨

您不需要CommandLine类。正如詹姆斯·米尔斯（James Mills）所建议的，这是一个示例：

import argparse

class Test:
    def __init__(self, infile, outfile, longest, start, min):
        self.infile = infile
        self.test()

    def test(self):
        print(self.infile)

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description = 'Program prolog', 
                                     epilog = 'Program epilog', 
                                     add_help = True, #default is True 
                                     prefix_chars = '-', 
                                     usage = 'xxx')
    parser.add_argument('-i', '--inFile', action = 'store', help='input file name')
    parser.add_argument('-o', '--outFile', action = 'store', help='output file name') 
    parser.add_argument('-lG', '--longestGene', action = 'store', nargs='?', const=True, default=True, help='longest Gene in an ORF')
    parser.add_argument('-mG', '--minGene', type=int, choices= range(0, 20), action = 'store', help='minimum Gene length')
    parser.add_argument('-s', '--start', action = 'append', nargs='?', help='start Codon') #allows multiple list options
    parser.add_argument('-v', '--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 0.1')  
    args = parser.parse_args()
    test = Test(args.inFile, args.outFile, args.longestGene, args.minGene, args.start)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()