我正在尝试按照教程构建应用程序。我有一个“刷新”按钮,应该用来自API调用的数据数组填充ListView(通过和ArrayAdaptor),但是当我按下“刷新”按钮时。该按钮应该是运行updateWeather()
方法,以使用如下所示的一些天气数据加载ListView(该数据实际上出现在我的Log中):
有人可以帮忙吗?似乎无法绕开它。
05-10 23:23:23.921: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Sun May 10 - Clouds - 10/8
05-10 23:23:23.921: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Mon May 11 - Clear - 17/5
05-10 23:23:23.921: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Tue May 12 - Rain - 21/8
05-10 23:23:23.921: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Wed May 13 - Rain - 15/10
05-10 23:23:23.921: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Thu May 14 - Rain - 20/15
05-10 23:23:23.922: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Fri May 15 - Rain - 13/11
05-10 23:23:23.922: V/FetchWeatherTask(2037): Forecast entry: Sat May 16 - Rain - 13/8
ForecastFragment.java
package com.example.siaw.sunshine;
import ...
public class ForecastFragment extends Fragment {
private ArrayAdapter<String> forecastAdaptor;
public ForecastFragment() {
}
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
}
@Override
public boolean onOptionsItemSelected(MenuItem item) {
// Handle action bar item clicks here. The action bar will
// automatically handle clicks on the Home/Up button, so long
// as you specify a parent activity in AndroidManifest.xml.
int id = item.getItemId();
if (id == R.id.action_refresh){
updateWeather();
return true;
}
return super.onOptionsItemSelected(item);
}
@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, ViewGroup container,
Bundle savedInstanceState) {
View rootView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_main, container, false);
forecastAdaptor = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),R.layout.list_item_forecast,
R.id.list_item_forecast_textview, new ArrayList<String>());
ListView listView = (ListView) rootView.findViewById(R.id.listview_forecast);
listView.setAdapter(forecastAdaptor);
listView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {
@Override
public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
String forecast = forecastAdaptor.getItem(position);
Intent intent = new Intent(getActivity(), DetailActivity.class)
.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TEXT, forecast);
startActivity(intent);
}
});
return rootView;
}
private void updateWeather() {
FetchWeatherTask weatherTask = new FetchWeatherTask();
SharedPreferences prefs = PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(getActivity());
String location = prefs.getString(getString(R.string.pref_location_key),
getString(R.string.pref_location_default));
weatherTask.execute(location);
}
@Override
public void onStart() {
super.onStart();
updateWeather();
}
public class FetchWeatherTask extends AsyncTask<String, Void, String[]> {
private final String LOG_TAG = FetchWeatherTask.class.getSimpleName();
/* The date/time conversion code is going to be moved outside the asynctask later,
* so for convenience we're breaking it out into its own method now.
*/
private String getReadableDateString(long time){
// Because the API returns a unix timestamp (measured in seconds),
// it must be converted to milliseconds in order to be converted to valid date.
SimpleDateFormat shortenedDateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE MMM dd");
return shortenedDateFormat.format(time);
}
/**
* Prepare the weather high/lows for presentation.
*/
private String formatHighLows(double high, double low) {
// For presentation, assume the user doesn't care about tenths of a degree.
long roundedHigh = Math.round(high);
long roundedLow = Math.round(low);
String highLowStr = roundedHigh + "/" + roundedLow;
return highLowStr;
}
/**
* Take the String representing the complete forecast in JSON Format and
* pull out the data we need to construct the Strings needed for the wireframes.
*
* Fortunately parsing is easy: constructor takes the JSON string and converts it
* into an Object hierarchy for us.
*/
private String[] getWeatherDataFromJson(String forecastJsonStr, int numDays)
throws JSONException {
// These are the names of the JSON objects that need to be extracted.
final String OWM_LIST = "list";
final String OWM_WEATHER = "weather";
final String OWM_TEMPERATURE = "temp";
final String OWM_MAX = "max";
final String OWM_MIN = "min";
final String OWM_DESCRIPTION = "main";
JSONObject forecastJson = new JSONObject(forecastJsonStr);
JSONArray weatherArray = forecastJson.getJSONArray(OWM_LIST);
// OWM returns daily forecasts based upon the local time of the city that is being
// asked for, which means that we need to know the GMT offset to translate this data
// properly.
// Since this data is also sent in-order and the first day is always the
// current day, we're going to take advantage of that to get a nice
// normalized UTC date for all of our weather.
Time dayTime = new Time();
dayTime.setToNow();
// we start at the day returned by local time. Otherwise this is a mess.
int julianStartDay = Time.getJulianDay(System.currentTimeMillis(), dayTime.gmtoff);
// now we work exclusively in UTC
dayTime = new Time();
String[] resultStrs = new String[numDays];
for(int i = 0; i < weatherArray.length(); i++) {
// For now, using the format "Day, description, hi/low"
String day;
String description;
String highAndLow;
// Get the JSON object representing the day
JSONObject dayForecast = weatherArray.getJSONObject(i);
// The date/time is returned as a long. We need to convert that
// into something human-readable, since most people won't read "1400356800" as
// "this saturday".
long dateTime;
// Cheating to convert this to UTC time, which is what we want anyhow
dateTime = dayTime.setJulianDay(julianStartDay+i);
day = getReadableDateString(dateTime);
// description is in a child array called "weather", which is 1 element long.
JSONObject weatherObject = dayForecast.getJSONArray(OWM_WEATHER).getJSONObject(0);
description = weatherObject.getString(OWM_DESCRIPTION);
// Temperatures are in a child object called "temp". Try not to name variables
// "temp" when working with temperature. It confuses everybody.
JSONObject temperatureObject = dayForecast.getJSONObject(OWM_TEMPERATURE);
double high = temperatureObject.getDouble(OWM_MAX);
double low = temperatureObject.getDouble(OWM_MIN);
highAndLow = formatHighLows(high, low);
resultStrs[i] = day + " - " + description + " - " + highAndLow;
}
for (String s : resultStrs) {
Log.v(LOG_TAG, "Forecast entry: " + s);
}
return resultStrs;
}
@Override
protected String[] doInBackground(String... params){
// These two need to be declared outside the try/catch
// so that they can be closed in the finally block.
if (params.length == 0){
return null;
}
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
//TODO: track and remove.
BufferedReader reader = null;
// Will contain the raw JSON response as a string.
String forecastJsonStr = null;
String format = "json";
String units = "metric";
int numDays = 7;
try {
final String FORECAST_BASE_URL = "http://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/forecast/daily?";
final String QUERY_PARAM = "q";
final String FORMAT_PARAM = "mode";
final String UNITS_PARAM = "units";
final String DAYS_PARAM = "cnt";
Uri builtUri = Uri.parse(FORECAST_BASE_URL).buildUpon()
.appendQueryParameter(QUERY_PARAM, params[0])
.appendQueryParameter(FORMAT_PARAM, format)
.appendQueryParameter(UNITS_PARAM, units)
.appendQueryParameter(DAYS_PARAM, Integer.toString(numDays))
.build();
URL url = new URL(builtUri.toString());
Log.v(LOG_TAG, "Built URI " + builtUri.toString());
// Create the request to OpenWeatherMap, and open the connection
urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
urlConnection.connect();
// Read the input stream into a String
InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
if (inputStream == null) {
// Nothing to do.
return null;
}
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
// Since it's JSON, adding a newline isn't necessary (it won't affect parsing)
// But it does make debugging a *lot* easier if you print out the completed
// buffer for debugging.
buffer.append(line + "\n");
}
if (buffer.length() == 0) {
// Stream was empty. No point in parsing.
return null;
}
forecastJsonStr = buffer.toString();
Log.v(LOG_TAG, "Forecast String: " + forecastJsonStr);
} catch (IOException e) {
Log.e("ForecastFragment", "Error", e);
// If the code didn't successfully get the weather data, there's no point in attempting
// to parse it.
return null;
} finally{
if (urlConnection != null) {
urlConnection.disconnect();
}
if (reader != null) {
try {
reader.close();
} catch (final IOException e) {
Log.e("ForecastFragment", "Error closing stream", e);
}
}
}
try {
return getWeatherDataFromJson(forecastJsonStr, numDays);
} catch (JSONException e) {
Log.e(LOG_TAG, e.getMessage(), e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
//This will only happen if there was an error getting/parsing the forecast.
return null;
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String[] result) {
if (result != null) {
forecastAdaptor.clear();
for (String dayForecastStr : result) {
forecastAdaptor.add(dayForecastStr);
}
// New data is back from the server. Hooray!
}
}
}
}
这个ListView中的数据实际上不是来自API调用,有趣的是我删除了保存此数据的静态String数组,但是在清理和重建后,静态数据仍然出现。我不确定为什么会这样。在代码中,该数据已被删除!
我想用来自LogCat中显示的那种数据的API调用中的数据填充这些伪造的数据。
看来主要问题是您notifyDataSetChanged()
在修改中的数据集后没有调用onPostExecute()
。这应该是使它工作所需的全部:
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String[] result) {
if (result != null) {
forecastAdaptor.clear();
for (String dayForecastStr : result) {
forecastAdaptor.add(dayForecastStr);
}
// New data is back from the server. Hooray!
forecastAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); //added
}
}
作为替代方案,我通常更喜欢在基础层上进行所有数据操作,ArrayList
而不是使用的方法ArrayAdapter
,有关详细信息,请参见下文:
创建一个ArrayList<String>
as成员变量,它将作为您的数据源ListView
:
public class ForecastFragment extends Fragment {
private ArrayAdapter<String> forecastAdaptor;
private ArrayList<String> data; //added
//.........
初始化于onCreate()
:
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState){
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setHasOptionsMenu(true);
data = new ArrayList<String>(); //added
}
然后,在调用时传递数据源setAdapter()
:
forecastAdaptor = new ArrayAdapter<String>(getActivity(),R.layout.list_item_forecast,
R.id.list_item_forecast_textview, data);
然后,在onPostExecute()
中的中AsyncTask
,更新数据源,然后调用notifyDataSetChanged()
:
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String[] result) {
if (result != null) {
//forecastAdaptor.clear(); //no need for this
data.clear(); //clear the data source
for (String dayForecastStr : result) {
//forecastAdaptor.add(dayForecastStr);
data.add(dayForecastStr); //update data source
}
// New data is back from the server. Hooray!
forecastAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); //added
}
}
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