Debian打包：mk-build-deps无法安装特定版本的Build-Depends软件包

维塔利·伊萨耶夫（Vitaly Isaev）

我需要构建一个项目，该项目取决于第三方库的特定版本：

➜  cat debian/control 
Source: libhole-cpp
Priority: optional
Maintainer: Vitaly Isaev <[email protected]>
Build-Depends: debhelper (>= 9), cmake, 
    flatbuffers (= 1.2.0-1),
    libboost-dev,
    libboost-system-dev,
    catch
Standards-Version: 3.9.5

但是，flatbuffers我们的仓库中有几个软件包，包括较新的软件包：

➜  apt-cache policy flatbuffers
flatbuffers:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1.4.0-17
  Version table:
     1.4.0-17 500
        500 http://repo12.mailbuild-2.embarce.ro xenial/local amd64 Packages
     1.2.0-1 500
        500 http://repo12.mailbuild-2.embarce.ro xenial/local amd64 Packages

在这种情况下，mk-build-deps拒绝安装所需版本的软件包：

➜  sudo mk-build-deps --install debian/control
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_prep
dh_testdir
dh_testroot
dh_install
dh_installdocs
dh_installchangelogs
dh_compress
dh_fixperms
dh_installdeb
dh_gencontrol
dh_md5sums
dh_builddeb
dpkg-deb: building package 'libhole-cpp-build-deps' in '../libhole-cpp-build-deps_1.0.1ubuntu1_all.deb'.

The package has been created.
Attention, the package has been created in the current directory,
not in ".." as indicated by the message above!
Selecting previously unselected package libhole-cpp-build-deps.
(Reading database ... 68846 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack libhole-cpp-build-deps_1.0.1ubuntu1_all.deb ...
Unpacking libhole-cpp-build-deps (1.0.1ubuntu1) ...
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies...Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 1
Investigating (0) libhole-cpp-build-deps [ amd64 ] < 1.0.1ubuntu1 > ( devel )
Broken libhole-cpp-build-deps:amd64 Depends on flatbuffers [ amd64 ] < none -> 1.4.0-17 > ( devel ) (= 1.2.0-1)
  Considering flatbuffers:amd64 0 as a solution to libhole-cpp-build-deps:amd64 -2
  Removing libhole-cpp-build-deps:amd64 rather than change flatbuffers:amd64
Done
 Done
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Done
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  libhole-cpp-build-deps
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
1 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 9216 B disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 68850 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing libhole-cpp-build-deps (1.0.1ubuntu1) ...
mk-build-deps: Unable to install libhole-cpp-build-deps at /usr/bin/mk-build-deps line 402.
mk-build-deps: Unable to install all build-dep packages
➜  libhole-cpp git:(v12) ✗ sudo apt-get -f install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

谁能澄清我的构建工具链出了什么问题？操作系统是Ubuntu 16.04。

红宝石

tldr;

aspcud通过apt-cudf-get以下方式委托给求解器：

mk-build-deps \
    --install \
    --remove \
    --tool \
    'apt-cudf-get --solver aspcud -o APT::Get::Assume-Yes=1 -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=0 -o APT::Install-Recommends=0' \
    debian/control

解释

该解决方案与Johannes Schauer的解决方案的不同之处在于...

它使用apt-cudf-get而不是apt-get
它忽略了以下选项（在我的测试中不起作用）：
- -o APT::Solver::Strict-Pinning=false
- -o APT::Solver::aspcud::Preferences="-new,-removed,-changed"
它添加了以下选项：
- -o APT::Get::Assume-Yes=1 （以非交互方式安装软件包）
- -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=1（mk-build-deps --tool默认）
- -o APT::Install-Recommends=0（mk-build-deps --tool默认）