我们什么时候使用Element？我们什么时候使用Helper？我们什么时候使用View Cells？在CakePHP 3中
金·斯塔克斯（Kim Stacks）
我正在使用CakePHP 3.x
我正在尝试将一个主题林主题转换为CakePHP插件。
中途，我正在决定是否将Portlet放入助手，元素或查看单元格。
portlet html代码如下所示：
<!-- BEGIN SAMPLE FORM PORTLET-->
<div class="portlet box yellow">
<div class="portlet-title">
<div class="caption">
<i class="fa fa-gift"></i> More Form Samples
</div>
<div class="tools">
<a href="" class="collapse">
</a>
<a href="#portlet-config" data-toggle="modal" class="config">
</a>
<a href="" class="reload">
</a>
<a href="" class="remove">
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="portlet-body">
<h4>Inline Form</h4>
<form class="form-inline" role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label class="sr-only" for="exampleInputEmail2">Email address</label>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail2" placeholder="Enter email">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="sr-only" for="exampleInputPassword2">Password</label>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword2" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Sign in</button>
</form>
<hr>
<h4>Inline Form With Icons</h4>
<form class="form-inline" role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label class="sr-only" for="exampleInputEmail22">Email address</label>
<div class="input-icon">
<i class="fa fa-envelope"></i>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="exampleInputEmail22" placeholder="Enter email">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label class="sr-only" for="exampleInputPassword42">Password</label>
<div class="input-icon">
<i class="fa fa-user"></i>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="exampleInputPassword42" placeholder="Password">
</div>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Sign in</button>
</form>
<hr>
<h4>Horizontal Form</h4>
<form class="form-horizontal" role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputEmail1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-md-4">
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail1" placeholder="Email">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword12" class="col-md-2 control-label">Password</label>
<div class="col-md-4">
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword12" placeholder="Password">
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-4">
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
<button type="submit" class="btn blue">Sign in</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<hr>
<h4>Horizontal Form With Icons</h4>
<form class="form-horizontal" role="form">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputEmail12" class="col-md-2 control-label">Email</label>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="input-icon">
<i class="fa fa-envelope"></i>
<input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail12" placeholder="Email">
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="inputPassword1" class="col-md-2 control-label">Password</label>
<div class="col-md-4">
<div class="input-icon right">
<i class="fa fa-user"></i>
<input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword1" placeholder="Password">
</div>
<div class="help-block">
with right aligned icon
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-4">
<div class="checkbox">
<label>
<input type="checkbox"> Remember me </label>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<div class="col-md-offset-2 col-md-10">
<button type="submit" class="btn green">Sign in</button>
</div>
</div>
</form>
<hr>
<h4>Column Sizing</h4>
<form role="form">
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-2">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-md-2">
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-md-3">
</div>
<div class="col-md-4">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-md-4">
</div>
<div class="col-md-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-md-2">
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
<!-- END SAMPLE FORM PORTLET-->
外观是这样的： 
我的问题是我们如何知道何时应使用Element？什么时候应该使用Helper？以及何时应使用查看单元格？
以上应该使用哪种情况？我倾向于助手。
burzum
元素
Use it when you need to repeat presentation related stuff, usually HTML, a lot. For example I have a project in which three tables use records of an addresses table. The form part of all of these three that contains the address data is an element.
Helper
Use it to encapsulate view logik, don't put HTML in it if possible or other presentation related things. For example let it do something and depending on the result you can use an element of that result type to render the data: return $this->_view->render('items/' . $type . '_item');
If you look at the core helpers for example the HtmlHelper you'll see a property $_defaultConfig:
protected $_defaultConfig = [
'templates' => [
'meta' => '<meta{{attrs}}/>',
'metalink' => '<link href="{{url}}"{{attrs}}/>',
/*...*/
These are the template strings that are used to generate the HTML output. This separtes the markup pretty nice from the actual code that generates it. Take a look at the FormHelper as well, it's using widgets to render more complex output.
So this works fine with element like pieces of markup. By a rule of thumb I would say if your markup is longer than what you see there make it an element and call it from within the helper or make it a widget.
View Cells
Think of view cells as "Mini MVC" stacks that have a view and can load multiple models. They're IMHO similar to AngularJS directives if you're familiar with them. See this article for an example. I really suggest you to read it, it explains them and their use cases in detail.
I haven't done much with them yet but they can be used to replace requestAction() calls for example. You won't "pollute" your controller with methods that are not intended to be access by a request.
Taken from the linked article above:
One of the most ill-used features of CakePHP is View::requestAction(). Developers frequently use this all over their applications, causing convoluted cases where you need to figure out if you are within a web request or an internal action request, cluttering controllers. You also need to invoke a new CakePHP request, which can add some unneeded overhead.
Disclaimer
上面的内容反映了我对这些事情的个人看法，没有最终和最终的规则，您如何使用这三件事。目标始终是干净且可重用的代码以及适当的关注点分离。如何存档取决于您，您已经拥有了工具。:)
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