我刚加入电晕时正处于专业领域，因为我从工作中就开始参与理解和编写Ansible代码，在某种程度上，我通过观察SO帖子来了解各种壁虱和技巧，从而在某种程度上成长。
我有以下有趣的剧本。
1-一个custom_pkgs.yml基本上是使用yum命令安装一些自定义构建软件包的地方，它调用一个pkgs.yml列出要安装软件包的文件。
我有点理解代码，但是
$ vi custom_pkgs.yml
---
- name: Install License
hosts: all
become: yes
become_user: root
become_method: sudo
tasks:
- name: Include the variables to install the license software
include_vars:
file: "vars/pkg.yml"
name: license
- name: Install license software
shell: "yum install -y {{ license[ item ] | join(' ') }}"
with_items: "{{ license }}"
changed_when: True
when: item != "remove"
- name: Remove any unwanted RPMS
shell: "yum remove -y {{ license.remove | join(' ') }}"
changed_when: True
when: license.remove is defined
...
以下是pkg.yml
$ cat pkg.yml
---
license:
- fenixlmd.noarch
- tmpwatch
- xorg-x11-deprecated-libs.i386
- Tasking.noarch
- rotate_fix.noarch
- plexim.noarch
- interrad.noarch
- idsd.noarch
- gsi.noarch
- java-1.8.0-openjdk
- java-1.8.0-openjdk-devel
- java-1.8.0-openjdk-debug
- flexnet_agent
- magillem.noarch
- redhat-lsb-printing
- redhat-lsb-printing.i686
- redhat-lsb-core
- redhat-lsb-core.i686
- redhat-lsb
- redhat-lsb.i686
- git
- gcc
- python-devel
...
我想了解以下两行。
shell: "yum install -y {{ license[ item ] | join(' ') }}" 和 when: item != "remove"
我已经讲完了在SO中提出问题的所有基本知识，以防万一我提出了一些不希望提出的问题，因为这是我的第一篇文章。
问候 ..
感谢您学习Ansible，这是一个古老的Ansible代码。pkg.yml文件定义了一个名为license的列表变量，其中包含要使用Ansible Shell模块安装在远程主机上的yum软件包列表。with_items: "{{ license }}"告诉模块迭代该可变项。当条件移除时，帮助跳过该包。阅读Ansible条件文档：https ://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/user_guide/playbooks_conditionals.html#the-when-statement
但正如我所说的，这是一个旧代码。在最新版本的Ansible上，您将使用yum模块来安装yum软件包（创建两个软件包列表：package_to_install和package_to_remove
- name: Install License
hosts: all
become: yes
become_user: root
become_method: sudo
tasks:
- name: Include the variables to install the license software
include_vars:
file: "vars/pkg.yml"
name: license
- name: Install license software
yum:
name: "{{ package_to_install }}"
changed_when: True
when: item != "remove"
- name: Remove any unwanted RPMS
yum:
name: "{{ package_to_remove }}"
state: absent
changed_when: True
确保使用最新的Ansible版本（2.9）。
阅读yum模块文档：https : //docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/modules/yum_module.html
您还可以仅使用两个字段定义一个包变量列表：
license:
- { name: fenixlmd.noarch, state: present }
- { name: tmpwatch, state: absent }
- { name: xorg-x11-deprecated-libs.i386, state: present }
.
.
.
然后像这样使用yum模块：
- name: Install License
hosts: all
become: yes
become_user: root
become_method: sudo
tasks:
- name: Include the variables to install the license software
include_vars:
file: "vars/pkg.yml"
name: license
- name: Remove any unwanted or install needs package RPMS
yum:
name: "{{ item.name }}"
state: "{{ item.state }}"
with_items: "{{ licence }}"
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我来说两句