更改ggplot geom_bar上填充变量的顺序

您可以使用position_dodge2与参数reverse = TRUE中geom_col（这相当于geom_bar(stat = "identity")）。

我还用于guides(fill = guide_legend(reverse = TRUE))反转图例标签并匹配条形图的顺序

library(ggplot2) 

ggplot(data, aes(fill=location, y=value, x=sample)) + 
  geom_col(position = position_dodge2(reverse = TRUE) color="black")+
  theme_classic()+
  scale_fill_grey() +
  scale_x_discrete(limits=c("BB", "AA"))+
  guides(fill = guide_legend(reverse = TRUE))

编辑：geom_errobar使用添加position_dodge2

如本讨论所述（https://github.com/tidyverse/ggplot2/issues/2251），在使用position_dodge2fro时geom_col，如果要添加geom_errorbar，则需要使用padding参数：

sample <- c("AA", "AA", "AA", "BB", "BB", "BB")
location<- c("Washington", "Mongolia", "Egypt", "Washington", "Mongolia", "Egypt" )
value <- c(0.03, 0.06, 0.02, 0.0051, 0.0082, 0.003)
sd <- c(0.003, 0.0012, 0.0015, 0.00025, 0.0002, 0.0001) 
data <- data.frame(sample, location, value, sd)

library(ggplot2)

ggplot(data, aes(fill=location, y=value, x=sample)) + 
  geom_bar(position = position_dodge2(reverse = TRUE), stat="identity", color="black")+
  theme_classic()+
  scale_fill_grey() +
  scale_x_discrete(limits=c("BB", "AA"))+
  guides(fill = guide_legend(reverse = TRUE))+
  geom_errorbar(aes(ymin = value-sd, ymax = value+sd), 
                position = position_dodge2(reverse = TRUE, padding = 0.6, width = 0.5))