为什么即使我已经将它们包括在for循环中，图表的标题和x标签也都相同？

elvis 发表于 Dev

猫王

我希望条形图具有自己的标题和x轴标签，因此我在for循环中包括了plt.titleand plt.xlabel。

但是，运行代码后，两个图形的标题和x轴标签都相同。第一张图Histogram of gender的标题应为，第二张图的标题应为Histogram of job。我的代码有什么问题，或者我做错了哪些部分，尤其是循环？

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd
from scipy import stats

# first data is age
# 2nd data is gender
# third data is saving
# 4th data is job

data = np.array([[11, "male",1222,"teacher"],[23,"female",333,"student"],
                 [15,"male",542,"security"],[23,"male",4422,"farmer"],[25,"female",553,"farmer"],
                 [22, "male", 221, "teacher"],[27, "male", 333, "agent"],[11, "female", 33, "farmer"]])

data_feature_names = ["age","gender","saving","job"]

# type of the data above
types = ["num","cat","num","cat"]
idx2 = []


for index, _type in enumerate(types):
    if _type == 'cat':
        idx2.append(index)


# Order of x axis label
ss = [["female","male"],["farmer","agent","security","teacher","student"]]


for k in range(0,len(ss)):
    for j in idx2:
        pandasdf = pd.DataFrame(data)
        sns.countplot(x=j, data=pandasdf, order = ss[k])
        plt.title("Histogram of " + data_feature_names[j])
        plt.xlabel(data_feature_names[j])
    plt.show()

变石

您的订购顺序ss和列名称idx2是配对的，因此您可以使用一个循环并最终获得所需的性别和工作直方图结果（但在这种情况下，您不会最终获得年龄或储蓄的直方图）。您的示例的最后几行将变为：

for k, j in zip(range(0, len(ss)), idx2):
    pandasdf = pd.DataFrame(data)
    sns.countplot(x=j, data=pandasdf, order=ss[k])
    plt.title("Histogram of " + data_feature_names[j])
    plt.xlabel(data_feature_names[j])
    plt.show()

您可以通过几种方法来简化此过程，以便于调试。例如，您可以idx2使用列表理解来缩短循环时间：

idx2 = [ix for ix, f in enumerate(types) if f == "cat"]

我在下面提供了另一个示例，其中包含较少的代码行，但是对原始脚本进行了更多修改。

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd

data = pd.DataFrame(
    [
        [11, "male", 1222, "teacher"],
        [23, "female", 333, "student"],
        [15, "male", 542, "security"],
        [23, "male", 4422, "farmer"],
        [25, "female", 553, "farmer"],
        [22, "male", 221, "teacher"],
        [27, "male", 333, "agent"],
        [11, "female", 33, "farmer"],
    ],
    columns=["age", "gender", "saving", "job"],
)

ordering = {
    "gender": ["female", "male"],
    "job": ["farmer", "agent", "security", "teacher", "student"],
}

for column in ['gender', 'job']:
    ax = sns.countplot(x=column, data=data, order=ordering.get(column, None))
    ax.set_title("Histogram of {}".format(column))
    ax.set_xlabel(column)
    plt.show()

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