我正在使用python lxml中的iterparse（）来解析大型XML文件并获取相关数据。除了第一次发生事件外，这都可以正常工作。没有捕获第一个节点的数据。当我想要获取“ way”标签时（在此代码段中不存在），也会发生同样的事情。为什么没有捕获第一个事件元素？
tree = etree.iterparse(state_file_xml, events=("start", "end"),tag=('node'))
context = iter(tree)
event, root = context.next()
nodes = {}
for event, elem in context:
if ((event == 'end') and (elem.tag == 'node')) :
id = elem.get("id")
lat = float(elem.get("lat"))
lon = float(elem.get("lon"))
nodes[id] = [lat,lon]
我的xml文件如下所示：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<osm version="0.6" generator="Overpass API 0.7.55.4 3079d8ea">
<note>The data included in this document is from www.openstreetmap.org. The data is made available under ODbL.</note>
<meta osm_base="2018-11-09T21:23:02Z"/>
<way id="46916568">
<nd ref="286427634"/>
<nd ref="3371562694"/>
<nd ref="3371562693"/>
<nd ref="1044837456"/>
<nd ref="1299487829"/>
<nd ref="1299487860"/>
<nd ref="284132018"/>
<tag k="highway" v="secondary"/>
<tag k="lit" v="yes"/>
<tag k="maxspeed" v="50"/>
<tag k="name" v="Zürcherstrasse"/>
<tag k="surface" v="asphalt"/>
</way>
<node id="30228243" lat="47.4030908" lon="8.4049015"/>
<node id="283533527" lat="47.4016971" lon="8.4036696"/>
<node id="284132018" lat="47.4034413" lon="8.4042634"/>
<node id="286427571" lat="47.4037481" lon="8.4058661"/>
<node id="286427634" lat="47.4043045" lon="8.4032429"/>
<node id="318217124" lat="47.4044289" lon="8.4054211"/>
<node id="428076175" lat="47.4027948" lon="8.4045078"/>
<node id="460527594" lat="47.4027445" lon="8.4055605"/>
<node id="460527973" lat="47.4029993" lon="8.4040697"/>
<node id="984783907" lat="47.4027808" lon="8.4054934"/>
context.next() 消耗第一个节点：
In [14]: tree = etree.iterparse(state_file_xml, events=("start", "end"),tag=('node'))
In [15]: context = iter(tree)
In [16]: event, root = next(context)
In [17]: root.attrib
Out[17]: {'id': '30228243', 'lon': '8.4049015', 'lat': '47.4030908'}
（我更改context.next()为next(context)允许该代码与Python2和Python3一起使用。）
顺便说一下，iterparse返回一个迭代器，所以context = iter(tree)没有必要。并且由于您只需要处理node一次，因此events=("end",)就足够了：
import lxml.etree as ET
context = ET.iterparse(state_file_xml, events=("end",), tag=('node'))
nodes = {}
for event, elem in context:
id = elem.get("id")
lat = float(elem.get("lat"))
lon = float(elem.get("lon"))
nodes[id] = [lat,lon]
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