尝试使用 VBA excel 运行 SQL 查询时出错

特别是对于复杂的查询，考虑将 SQL 和 VBA 分开，并将 SQL 参数化为带有 qmark 占位符的预处理语句。ADO 支持使用您已经使用的ADO 命令对象进行参数化！这使您可以避免任何DECLARE混乱甚至危险的串联。此外，由于参数化，故意使用日期类型并避免任何FORMAT或CONVERT需要。您还可以#temp1使用单个语句来避免：

SQL （在 Excel 单元格中另存为 .sql 或字符串）

下面的查询使用更多信息别名，并使用AS运算符进行列别名。此外，所有系统命令都一致地大写以提高可读性。请注意 qmarks ( ?) 用于参数而不是 @ 变量。请测试查询并根据需要进行调整。

SELECT x.[Charge_slabs_A], x.[Slab_weight_Discharged_A],
       x.[AVG_Charg_Temp_A], y.[AVG_DisCharg_Temp_B]
FROM 
   (SELECT COUNT(CASE
                    WHEN h.[FURNACE_NUMBER]=1 
                    THEN h.[slab_weight] 
                    ELSE NULL 
                 END) AS [Charge_slabs_A],
           1000 * AVG(r.[fa_weight]) AS [Slab_weight_Discharged_A],
           AVG(CASE 
                  WHEN m.[Furnace]='A' 
                  THEN m.[charge_temperature]
                  ELSE NULL 
               END) AS [AVG_Charg_Temp_A]
   FROM fix.dbo.Fce_HD_Hourly AS f
   LEFT JOIN ALPHADm.dbo.Mill_Temp_Aims AS m 
        ON DATEADD(HOUR, DATEDIFF(HOUR, 0, m.[charge_time]), 0) = f.[_TimeStamp]
   LEFT JOIN ALPHADm.dbo.reheats_hourly_data AS r 
        ON r.[start_time]= f.[_timestamp]
   LEFT JOIN alphadm.dbo.HFNCPDI h
        ON  h.[counter] = m.[mill_counter]
   WHERE f.[_TimeStamp] BETWEEN ? AND ?
     AND m.[charge_time] BETWEEN ? AND ?
   GROUP BY f.[_TimeStamp]
  ) AS x 
FULL OUTER JOIN 
  (SELECT AVG(CASE 
                 WHEN m.[FURNACE] ='B' 
                 THEN convert(real,isnull (m.[ave_disch_temp],'0')) 
                 ELSE NULL 
              END) AS [AVG_DisCharg_Temp_B],
          f.[_TimeStamp] AS [Time]
   FROM fix.dbo.Fce_HD_Hourly AS f
   LEFT JOIN Mill_Temp_Aims AS m 
        ON DATEADD(HOUR, DATEDIFF(HOUR, 0, m.[discharge_time]), 0) = f.[_TimeStamp]
   WHERE f.[_TimeStamp] BETWEEN ? AND ?
     AND m.[discharge_time] BETWEEN ? AND ?
   GROUP BY f.[_TimeStamp]
  ) AS y 
ON y.[Time] = x.[_TimeStamp]

VBA （读取上述查询并绑定日期参数）

Private Sub UpdateButton_Click()
    Dim oCon As ADODB.Connection, oCmd As ADODB.Command
    Dim rs As Object, SQL_1 As String
    Dim WS As Worksheet, n As Long
    
'GET DATES
    Dim StartDate As Date, EndDate As Date
    With ThisWorkbook.Sheets("A&B Sankey")
        StartDate = CDate(.Range("R2").Value)
        EndDate = CDate(.Range("T2").Value)
    End With
    
'CONNECT FUNCTION
    Set oCon = DbConnect
    Set oCmd = CreateObject("ADODB.Command")
    oCmd.CommandTimeout = 0
    oCmd.ActiveConnection = oCon
    
'READ IN SQL
   With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
       SQL_1 = .OpenTextFile("C:\path\to\my\SQL\Query.sql", 1).readall
   End With
   ' SQL_1 = ThisWorkbook.Sheets("MySQLSheet").Range("A1")

'EXECUTE RESULT
   With oCmd
       .CommandText = SQL_1
                
       ' BIND ? PARAMETERS IN SQL (USING adDate TYPES)
       For n = 1 to 4
           .Parameters.Append .CreateParameter("startdateparam" & n, adDate, adParamInput, , StartDate)
           .Parameters.Append .CreateParameter("enddateparam" & n, adDate, adParamInput, , EndDate)
       Next n

       ' CREATE RECORDSET
       Set rs = .Execute
    End With
    
'SHOW RESULT
    With ThisWorkbook.Sheets("-Input Data-")
        .Range("B20:CC20000").ClearContents
        .Range("B20").CopyFromRecordset rs
    End With

'CLOSE
    MsgBox "Result written to " & WS.Name & _
           "For " & StartDate & "-" & EndDate, vbInformation, "Finished"
    rs.Close: oCon.Close
    Set rs = Nothing: Set oCmd = Nothing: Set oCon = Nothing
End Sub

Function DbConnect() As ADODB.Connection
    Dim sConn As String
    sConn = "Driver={SQL Server}; SERVER=; " & _
            "UID=; PWD=; DATABASE=;"
    Set DbConnect = CreateObject("ADODB.Connection")
    DbConnect.Open sConn
End Function