所以我正在嘗試做這個實驗，從 .txt 文件中為您提供大量信息。每行包含一些字母和數字，我應該編寫代碼來回答文本每行的 5 個問題：使用小寫字母打印 5 個字母序列，打印 5 個字母序列是否包含任何元音，打印球體的體積具有第一個數字的半徑，打印剩餘的3個數字是否可以組成三角形，並打印最後3個數字的平均值。
以下是 Lab5_Data.txt 的 3 行：
WLTQS 13 64 23 99
ZNVZE 82 06 53 82
TMIWB 69 93 68 65
這是這 3 行的預期輸出：
小寫的字符串是wltqs
WLTQS 不包含任何元音
半徑為13的球體的體積是9202.7720799157
64、23、99不能構成三角形。
64、23、99的平均值是62.0
小寫的字符串是 znvze
ZNVZE 包含元音
半徑為 82 的球體的體積為 2309564.8776326627
6, 53, 82 不能組成三角形。
06、53、82平均47.0
小寫的字符串是 tmiwb
TMIWB 包含元音
半徑為 69 的球體的體積為 1376055.2813841724
93、68、65可以組成一個三角形
93、68、65的平均值是75.333333333333333
到目前為止，這是我的代碼：
with open('Lab5_Data.txt', 'r') as my_file:
for line in my_file:
data = line.split()
print(line)
for line in my_file:
line = line[0:5].lower()
print('Thr string in lowercase is', line)
for i in my_file:
if(i== 'A' or i== 'E' or i== "I" or i== 'O' or i== 'U'):
print('contains vowels')
else:
print('does not contain any vowels')
我在拆分每一行時遇到了麻煩，因此當我打印輸出時，它會將每個答案與同一行一起顯示。此外，我很難在不製作一個巨大的 for 循環的情況下嘗試獲取每個答案的函數。如果有人有任何意見可以幫助我，將不勝感激！
這裡的主要思想是您可以逐行迭代文件，將行拆分為可用的數據塊，然後將正確的塊傳遞給不同的函數。這將是一個單一的大循環，但每個單獨的計算都將在單獨的函數中完成，因此有助於模塊化。
現在，函數有很多方法，以及如何處理輸出和打印：您可以避免在函數內部打印；您可以返回整個答案字符串；您可以只返回計算值而不是文本字符串；你可以完全在外面處理琴弦；等等。我想你明白了。
我將根據您的喜好保留該級別的自定義。我不想讓代碼過於復雜，所以我保持盡可能簡單和合理的可讀性，有時會犧牲一些更 Pythonic 的方式。
# Here the functions that will be used later in the main loop
# These functions will calculate the answer and produce a string
# Then they will print it, and also return it
def make_lowercase(s):
answer = s.lower()
print(answer)
return answer
def has_vowels(word):
# For each vowel, see if it is found in the word
# We test in lowercase for both
answer = 'Does not contain vowels'
for vowel in 'aeiou':
if vowel in word.lower():
answer = 'Contains vowels'
break
print(answer)
return answer
def calculate_sphere_volume(radius):
# Remember to convert radius from string to number
import math
volume = 4.0/3.0 * math.pi * float(radius)**3
answer = "The volume of the sphere with radius {} is {}".format(radius, volume)
print(answer)
return answer
def check_possible_triangle(a1, b1, c1):
# Remember to convert from string to number
a = float(a1)
b = float(b1)
c = float(c1)
answer = '{}, {}, {} can make a triangle'.format(a1, b1, c1)
if (a + b <= c) or (a + c <= b) or (b + c <= a):
answer = '{}, {}, {} cannot make a triangle'.format(a1, b1, c1)
print(answer)
return answer
def calculate_average(a1, b1, c1):
# Remember to convert from string to number
a = float(a1)
b = float(b1)
c = float(c1)
average = (a + b + c) / 3
answer = 'The average of {}, {}, {} is {}'.format(a1, b1, c1, average)
print(answer)
return answer
with open('Lab5_Data.txt', 'r') as my_file:
for line in my_file:
# if you split each line, you get the individual elements
# you can then group them appropriately, like so:
# word: will contain the 5 letter string
# radius: will be the first number, to be used for the sphere
# a,b,c will be the three numbers to check for triangle
# Important: THESE ARE ALL STRINGS!
word, radius, a, b, c = line.split()
# Now you can just use functions to calculate and print the results.
# You could eliminate the prints from each function, and only use the
# return results that will be combined in the end.
# Lowercase:
ans1 = make_lowercase(word)
# Does this word have vowels?
ans2 = has_vowels(word)
# Calculate the sphere volume
ans3 = calculate_sphere_volume(radius)
# Check the triangle
ans4 = check_possible_triangle(a, b, c)
# Calculate average
ans5 = calculate_average(a, b, c)
# Now let's combine in a single line
full_answer = '{} {} {} {} {}'.format(ans1, ans2, ans3, ans4, ans5)
print(full_answer)
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