我有一个邮政编码数据框，希望将其映射到每个特定邮政编码的城市和州。目前，我已经使用了zip软件包，但不确定是否可以解决此特定问题。
这是我现在拥有的样本数据：
str(all_key$zip)
chr [1:406] "43031" "24517" "43224" "43832" "53022" "60185" "84104" "43081"
"85226" "85193" "54656" "43215" "94533" "95826" "64804" "49548" "54467"
预期的输出将在数据框的每一行中添加一个城市和州列，以引用各个邮政编码：
head(all_key)
zip city state
1 43031 city1 state1
2 24517 city2 state2
3 43224 city3 state3
4 43832 city4 state4
5 53022 city5 state5
6 60185 city6 state6
在此先感谢您的帮助。
邮政编码软件包似乎已经消失，因此此答案已更新，以显示如何从外部文件添加lat-lon。底部有新答案。
您可以从zipcode包中获取数据，然后进行合并以查找内容。
zip = c("43031", "24517", "43224", "43832", "53022",
"60185", "84104", "43081", "85226", "85193", "54656",
"43215", "94533", "95826", "64804", "49548", "54467")
ZC = data.frame(zip)
library(zipcode)
data(zipcode)
merge(ZC, zipcode)
zip city state latitude longitude
1 24517 Altavista VA 37.12754 -79.27409
2 43031 Johnstown OH 40.15198 -82.66944
3 43081 Westerville OH 40.10951 -82.91606
4 43215 Columbus OH 39.96513 -83.00431
5 43224 Columbus OH 40.03991 -82.96772
6 43832 Newcomerstown OH 40.27738 -81.59662
7 49548 Grand Rapids MI 42.86823 -85.66391
8 53022 Germantown WI 43.21916 -88.12043
9 54467 Plover WI 44.45228 -89.54399
10 54656 Sparta WI 43.96977 -90.80796
11 60185 West Chicago IL 41.89198 -88.20502
12 64804 Joplin MO 37.04716 -94.51124
13 84104 Salt Lake City UT 40.75063 -111.94077
14 85193 Casa Grande AZ 32.86000 -111.83000
15 85226 Chandler AZ 33.31221 -111.93177
16 94533 Fairfield CA 38.26958 -122.03701
17 95826 Sacramento CA 38.55010 -121.37492
如果需要使行保持相同的顺序，则只需在邮政编码数据上设置行名，然后使用该行名选择所需的行和列。
rownames(zipcode) = zipcode$zip
zipcode[zip, 1:3]
zip city state
43031 43031 Johnstown OH
24517 24517 Altavista VA
43224 43224 Columbus OH
43832 43832 Newcomerstown OH
53022 53022 Germantown WI
60185 60185 West Chicago IL
84104 84104 Salt Lake City UT
43081 43081 Westerville OH
85226 85226 Chandler AZ
85193 85193 Casa Grande AZ
54656 54656 Sparta WI
43215 43215 Columbus OH
94533 94533 Fairfield CA
95826 95826 Sacramento CA
64804 64804 Joplin MO
49548 49548 Grand Rapids MI
54467 54467 Plover WI
由于邮政编码包已消失，因此这说明了如何从下载的数据集中添加经纬度信息。我正在使用的文件今天存在，但是该方法应该适用于其他文件。有关在何处下载数据的一些线索，请参见GIS StackExchange。
## Original Data to match
zip = c("43031", "24517", "43224", "43832", "53022",
"60185", "84104", "43081", "85226", "85193", "54656",
"43215", "94533", "95826", "64804", "49548", "54467")
ZC = data.frame(zip)
## Download source file, unzip and extract into table
ZipCodeSourceFile = "http://download.geonames.org/export/zip/US.zip"
temp <- tempfile()
download.file(ZipCodeSourceFile , temp)
ZipCodes <- read.table(unz(temp, "US.txt"), sep="\t")
unlink(temp)
names(ZipCodes) = c("CountryCode", "zip", "PlaceName",
"AdminName1", "AdminCode1", "AdminName2", "AdminCode2",
"AdminName3", "AdminCode3", "latitude", "longitude", "accuracy")
## merge extra info onto original data
fZC_Info = merge(ZC, ZipCodes[,c(2:6,10:11)])
head(ZC_Info)
zip PlaceName AdminName1 AdminCode1 AdminName2 latitude longitude
1 24517 Altavista Virginia VA Campbell 37.1222 -79.2911
2 43031 Johnstown Ohio OH Licking 40.1445 -82.6973
3 43081 Westerville Ohio OH Franklin 40.1146 -82.9105
4 43215 Columbus Ohio OH Franklin 39.9671 -83.0044
5 43224 Columbus Ohio OH Franklin 40.0425 -82.9689
6 43832 Newcomerstown Ohio OH Tuscarawas 40.2739 -81.5940
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