在python3中使用自定义字符串执行

我想生成用户可以输入变量名的对象，但是我不知道为什么在我使用以下代码时会发生 Nameerror：

class Layer: 
    def __init__(self,Diameter,Thickness,Porosity,Name):
        self.d = Diameter
        self.t = Thickness
        self.phi = Porosity
        self.name = Name
    
Name = input('Name of the layer:    ')
d1 = 1
d2 = 2
d3 = 3
exec('%s = Layer(%d,%d,%d,%s)'%(Name,d1,d2,d3,Name))

如果我有这样的输入

Name of the layer:    Trial

然后出现如下错误：

NameError: name 'Trial' is not defined

我尝试过其他一些方法，例如：

class Layer:

    def __init__(self,Diameter,Thickness,Porosity,Name):
        self.d = Diameter
        self.t = Thickness
        self.phi = Porosity
        self.name = Name
        
Name = input('Name of the layer:    ')
name = Name
d1 = 1
d2 = 2
d3 = 3
exec('%s = Layer(%d,%d,%d,%s)'%(Name,d1,d2,d3,name))

即使是这样的事情也失败了：

class Layer
    def __init__(self,Diameter,Thickness,Porosity,Name):
        self.d = Diameter
        self.t = Thickness
        self.phi = Porosity
        self.name = Name
    
Name = input('Name of the layer:    ')
name = 'Trial2'
d1 = 1
d2 = 2
d3 = 3
exec('%s = Layer(%d,%d,%d,%s)'%(Name,d1,d2,d3,name))

并返回 NameError: name 'Trial2' is not defined

但是，如果我删除了“名称”，如下所示：

class Layer:

def __init__(self,Diameter,Thickness,Porosity):
    self.d = Diameter
    self.t = Thickness
    self.phi = Porosity
    self.name = Name
    
Name = input('Name of the layer:    ')
d1 = 1
d2 = 2
d3 = 3
exec('%s = Layer(%d,%d,%d)'%(Name,d1,d2,d3))

可以生成对象。但它随后失去了属性name。