在 Catalina/Big Sur 上安装 DBD::mysql 失败，找不到“EXTERN.h”文件？

看看 EXTERN.h：

$ find /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools -name EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.28/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.28/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h
/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h

检查您的 perl 版本：

$ perl -v

This is perl 5, version 18, subversion 4 (v5.18.4) built for darwin-thread-multi-2level

正确的标题是：

/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE/EXTERN.h

使用正确的 OSX 标头使其工作：

perl Makefile.PL --testpassword=s3kr1t --testhost=localhost --testport 3306 --testuser=test --libs="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/lib -lmysqlclient" --cflags='-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/zstd/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX10.15.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.18/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/include/mysql'

PS，不要忘记创建具有所有权限的 mysql 用户 'test' :-)

详情请见：

• macos上cpan安装DBD::mysql问题+问题解决

• 安装 Perl 模块时出现“致命错误：找不到‘EXTERN.h’文件”

• macOS 10.15 (Catalina) 中缺少标题

OSX 11.1 升级 - 大苏尔：

如果我采取上述方式，我首先会得到错误：

./dbdimp.h:20:10: fatal error: 'DBIXS.h' file not found
#include <DBIXS.h>  /* installed by the DBI module                        */

修复方法是，将 perl Makefile.PL 扩展为：

perl Makefile.PL --testpassword=s3kr1t --testhost=localhost --testport 3306 --testuser=test --libs="-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto -L/usr/local/lib -L/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/lib -lmysqlclient" --cflags='-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include -I/usr/local/opt/zlib/include -I/usr/local/opt/zstd/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Perl/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/CORE -I/usr/local/Cellar/mysql/8.0.25_1/include/mysql -I/Library//Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX11.1.sdk/System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/auto/DBI'

下一个问题是：

make: *** No rule to make target `/System/Library/Perl/Extras/5.30/darwin-thread-multi-2level/auto/DBI/Driver_xst.h', needed by `mysql.xsi'.  Stop.

为什么这个？Big Sur 上 DBI 的默认安装已损坏！

下载当前 DBI 存档 DBI-1.643.tar.gz 并重新安装 DBI 后，DBD::mysql 使运行完成！

现在我必须休息一下 :-) 经过 2 个小时的尝试和错误！！！