我正在尝试编写Conway的《人生游戏》。据我所知,程序应该是完整的,但是当我运行它时,我得到KeyError:0,据我所知,这意味着引用了不存在的字典键。字典(cell_dict)包含20x20的tkinter按钮网格,这些按钮构成了无效/有效单元格。
这是完整的代码:
#imports
import tkinter
import random
#functions
def step(): #updates the status of each cell
for i in range(0,20): # runs through each cell to check the number of living neighbors
for j in range(0,20):
cell = cell_dict[i][j] #key error happens here
pop = 0
for n in range(-1,2): #checks each neighbor and tracks the number of alive ones
for m in range(-1,2):
if i+n in range(0,20) and j+m in range(0,20):
if n != 0 or m != 0:
cell_neighbor = cell_dict[i+n][j+m]
if cell_neighbor['bg'] == "yellow":
pop += 1
if cell['bg'] == "yellow" and (pop == 2 or pop == 3): #primes the new status for the cell
cell['fg'] = "yellow"
elif cell['bg'] == "black" and pop == 3:
cell['fg'] = "yellow"
else:
cell['fg'] = "black"
for i in range(0,20): #updates the status of each cell
for j in range(0,20):
cell = cell_dict[i][j]
if cell['fg'] == "black":
cell['bg'] = "black"
elif cell['fg'] == "yellow":
cell['bg'] = "yellow"
window.after(1000,step) #repeats the process every second
#gui
window = tkinter.Tk()
cell_dict = {} #primes the dictionary
for i in range(0,400): #creates all the cells
cell = tkinter.Button(fg = "white", bg = "white", height = 1, width = 2)
r = random.randrange(0,2) #randomly determines if the cell will be initially dead or alive
if r == 0:
cell['bg'] = "black" #dead
elif r == 1:
cell['bg'] = "yellow" #alive
cell.grid(row = int(i/20)%20, column = i%20) #packs the cell into the grid
cell_dict[(int(i/20)%20,i%20)] = cell #stores the cell in the dictionary
#mainloop
step()
window.mainloop()
我注意到,一旦出现关键错误,i = 399并且j未定义。因此,看起来代码似乎以某种方式跳过了“对于范围(0,2)中的i:对于范围(0,20)中的j:”。我是编码的新手,所以我不确定哪里出错了。
看起来您将单元格位置存储为两个整数的元组。因此,您应使用该地址而不是整数来寻址cell_dict。
使用cell_dict[(i, j)]
代替cell_dict[i][j]
。
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