如何在不删除格式的情况下将格式化的“.sas7bdat”文件导入到“R”中？

我认为您遇到的问题很可能是误解了 R 标签的工作方式。

当我使用以下 SAS 代码时：

libname temp 'h:\temp\';
proc format lib=temp;
  value sexf
  1='Female'
  2='Male'
  ;
  value racef
  1='Black'
  2='Asian'
  3='White'
  4='Other'
  ;
  value hispf
  1='Of Hispanic Origin'
  2='Not of Hispanic Origin'
  ;
quit;
options fmtsearch=(temp);
data temp.rtest;
  input sex race hisp;
  format sex sexf. race racef. hisp hispf.;
datalines;
1 1 1
2 1 1
1 2 1
2 2 1
1 3 1
2 3 1
1 4 1
2 4 1
1 1 2
2 1 2
1 2 2
2 2 2
1 3 2
2 3 2
1 4 2
2 4 2
;;;;
run;

And then use the following R code:

library(haven)
data <- read_sas("H:/temp/rtest.sas7bdat", catalog_file="H:/temp/formats.sas7bcat")   
print(data)

It works as expected - the console prints the labelled text.

# A tibble: 16 x 3
          sex      race                       hisp
    <dbl+lbl> <dbl+lbl>                  <dbl+lbl>
 1 1 [Female] 1 [Black] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 2 2 [Male]   1 [Black] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 3 1 [Female] 2 [Asian] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 4 2 [Male]   2 [Asian] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 5 1 [Female] 3 [White] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 6 2 [Male]   3 [White] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 7 1 [Female] 4 [Other] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 8 2 [Male]   4 [Other] 1 [Of Hispanic Origin]    
 9 1 [Female] 1 [Black] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
10 2 [Male]   1 [Black] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
11 1 [Female] 2 [Asian] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
12 2 [Male]   2 [Asian] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
13 1 [Female] 3 [White] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
14 2 [Male]   3 [White] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
15 1 [Female] 4 [Other] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]
16 2 [Male]   4 [Other] 2 [Not of Hispanic Origin]

However, if I view it in RStudio's viewer by double-clicking on the dataset in the Data pane, it doesn't, and that is what you pasted into the question (a picture of that). I don't believe that's supported (variable labels are, meaning column header labels, but not value labels); if you want to verify that you may want to ask a new question specifically mentioning that, with the code here cleaned up (you're welcome to use my example code).

您可能想要做的是将值标签转换为factors。这可以通过几种方式完成；在标记的包文档中有一些关于为什么的讨论，这是您可以使用的一件事，但有几种方法。同样，如果您自己无法弄清楚，这将是一个很好的单独问题。因素是 R 通常如何管理此类事情（即分类变量）。