覆盖 std::variant::operator==

我有点惊讶将变体的替代类型放入子命名空间似乎打破了operator==：

#include <variant>
#include <iostream>

namespace NS {
namespace structs {
    
struct A {};
struct B {};

} // namespace structs

using V = std::variant<structs::A, structs::B>;

bool operator==(const V& lhs, const V& rhs)
{
    return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
}

std::string test(const V& x, const V& y)
{
    if (x == y) {
        return "are equal";
    } else {
        return "are not equal";
    }
}

namespace subNS {
    
std::string subtest(const V& x, const V& y)
{
    if (x == y) {
        return "are equal";
    } else {
        return "are not equal";
    }
}

} // namespace subNS
} // namespace NS

int main() {
    const auto u = NS::V{NS::structs::A{}};
    const auto v = NS::V{NS::structs::A{}};
    const auto w = NS::V{NS::structs::B{}};
    
    // Why doesn't this work?
    // It does work if A and B are defined in NS rather than NS::structs.
    //std::cout << "u and v are " << (u == v ? "equal" : "not equal") << "\n";
    //std::cout << "u and w are " << (u == w ? "equal" : "not equal") << "\n";
    
    std::cout << "u and v " << NS::test(u, v) << "\n";
    std::cout << "u and w " << NS::test(u, w) << "\n";

    std::cout << "u and v " << NS::subNS::subtest(u, v) << "\n";
    std::cout << "u and w " << NS::subNS::subtest(u, w) << "\n";
}

我找到的唯一解决方案是定义：

namespace std {

template<>
constexpr bool
operator==(const NS::V& lhs, const NS::V& rhs)
{
    return lhs.index() == rhs.index();
}

} // namespace std

但这看起来有些可疑，并且似乎被 C++20 禁止：https : //en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/extending_std#Function_templates_and_member_functions_of_templates

有什么更好的想法吗？显然，我试图避免operator==为每个替代类型添加。