无法在Visual Studio 2015中构建通用应用

我无法在Visual Studio 2015中构建Windows Universal Apps。该应用程序无法启动，并显示以下JIT调试器窗口：

我找不到但仍会继续寻找的关于StackOverflow的类似问题。可能的修复方法之一是切换到目标8.1，然后再切换回去，但是对于任何通用应用程序，我都无法目标8.1。调试程序将揭示以下细节：

在APP_NAME.exe中的0x7523DAD8（KernelBase.dll）处引发的异常：0x04242420（参数：0x31415927、0x558B0000、0x004FF1D0）。

Unhandled exception at 0x00007FFF60BB1F28 (KernelBase.dll) in WWAHost.exe: 0x00000004: The system cannot open the file (parameters: 0xFFFFFFFF80004005, 0x0000000000000005).

WWAHost.exe has triggered a breakpoint.

我认为这与WinMD文件有关（特别是这一行）

<Error Condition="'$(_TargetPlatformMetadataPath)' == ''" Text="Could not find an existing platform WinMD location" />

But I'm not sure how to set the _TargetPlatformMetadataPath or anything like that or where it would be set.

Here is an image as well, as you can see the application fails to load entirely and displays a big X instead of any actual content:

Here's what I've tried:

• Restart and Repair Visual Studio 2015
• Remove, restart, reinstall Visual Studio 2015
• System restore (uninstall apps and reinstall Windows 10)
• Clean & Build Remove compile directories (bin)
• Create a new project
• Download a project/template
• Enable Windows 10 Developer Mode
• There is no nuget package config file

I can build other project types without any issue, it seems to only be an issue with Universal apps. I should also note, this issue occurs if the project is brand new or if I've added content to the apps UI. The designer also fails with System.Runtime.Remoting.RemotingException or a System.Runtime.InteropServices.COMException seemingly randomly.

I have not been able to find any truly similar issues anywhere. I can select Universal App as a project type, but if I click compile it fails no matter what. I'm at my wits end here and am open to any suggestions, thanks everyone.