使用 sudo 执行命令与以 root 用户身份执行命令有什么区别？

我对 linux 相当sudo <command>陌生<command>，直到现在，一直认为与执行root. 我最近玩了一下这个ls命令，注意到了一个轻微但令人困惑的差异。

执行时sudo ls -lap（在根目录中），我得到以下输出：

与当我ls -lap作为root（或作为没有 的普通用户sudo）执行时：

Apart from the obvious but not important color difference, if you actually look closer, you see that the -p option (showing a / after directories) didn't work on links when executing the command with sudo.

Is there an actual difference between the two? Or is that a bug?
And either way, doesnt that mean that both commands are processed differently?