一个特定的字符串可以包含我试图匹配的模式的多个实例。例如，如果我的模式是<N(.+?)N>，我的字符串是"My name is <N Timon N> and his name is <N Pumba N>"，那么有两个匹配项。我想用包含替换匹配项的索引的替换项替换每个匹配项。
所以在我的字符串中"My name is <N Timon N> and his name is <N Pumba N>"，我想将字符串更改为 read "My name is [Name #1] and his name is [Name #2]"。
我如何做到这一点，最好是用一个单一的功能？并且最好使用来自stringr或 的函数stringi？
您可以使用gregexpr和regmatches在 Base R 中执行此操作：
my_string = "My name is <N Timon N> and his name is <N Pumba N>"
# Get the positions of the matches in the string
m = gregexpr("<N(.+?)N>", my_string, perl = TRUE)
# Index each match and replace text using the indices
match_indices = 1:length(unlist(m))
regmatches(my_string, m) = list(paste0("[Name #", match_indices, "]"))
结果：
> my_string
# [1] "My name is [Name #1] and his name is [Name #2]"
笔记：
如果同一匹配项出现多次，则此解决方案将其视为不同的“名称”。例如以下内容：
my_string = "My name is <N Timon N> and his name is <N Pumba N>, <N Timon N> again"
m = gregexpr("<N(.+?)N>", my_string, perl = TRUE)
match_indices = 1:length(unlist(m))
regmatches(my_string, m) = list(paste0("[Name #", match_indices, "]"))
输出：
> my_string
[1] "My name is [Name #1] and his name is [Name #2], [Name #3] again"
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