Ext 3或2文件系统恢复：错误的超级块，没有可用的备份超级块。我还能尝试什么？

程序员

我有一个WD Green 2TB硬盘驱动器，以前在带USB 2.0连接的外壳中使用。为了提高通信速度，我将其从包装盒中取出并通过SATA连接到我的PC。

在此硬盘驱动器上，我有一个分区，并且大约99％的人确定文件系统为EXT3。否则，它可能是EXT2或EXT4。在我将其取出之前，它工作得还不错，但是现在看来文件系统已损坏。

当我尝试挂载分区时，出现以下错误：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mount /dev/sdb1 /media/wd/
mount: wrong fs type, bad option, bad superblock on /dev/sdb1,
       missing codepage or helper program, or other error

       In some cases useful info is found in syslog - try
       dmesg | tail or so.

我已经尝试了几种方法来修复和恢复超级块。我阅读了以下相关文章：

sudo fdisk -l 给我以下输出：

Disk /dev/sdb: 1.8 TiB, 2000398934016 bytes, 3907029168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Device     Boot Start        End    Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sdb1          64 3907024895 3907024832  1.8T 83 Linux

Parted并不表示它找到了任何文件系统：

Model: ATA WDC WD20EURX-63T (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 2000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/4096B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start   End     Size    Type     File system  Flags
 1      32.8kB  2000GB  2000GB  primary

我寻找了这样的备份超级块：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo mke2fs -n -S /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
Creating filesystem with 488378104 4k blocks and 122101760 inodes
Filesystem UUID: 9e7b7f80-e70c-474a-b889-eff034b72fb0
Superblock backups stored on blocks: 
    32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208, 
    4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968, 
    102400000, 214990848

但是，当我使用检查所有这些备份时sudo e2fsck -b <BLOCK NUMBER> /dev/sdb1，它们似乎都不起作用。对于所有备份超级块，我得到相同的输出：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo e2fsck -b 23887872 /dev/sdb1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
e2fsck: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb1

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>
 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

我还尝试使用gpart扫描驱动器，这表明我错了，因为它是ext3文件系统：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo gpart /dev/sdb

Begin scan...
Possible partition(Linux ext2), size(1907726mb), offset(1mb)
End scan.

Checking partitions...
Partition(Linux ext2 filesystem): primary 
Ok.

Guessed primary partition table:
Primary partition(1)
   type: 131(0x83)(Linux ext2 filesystem)
   size: 1907726mb #s(3907022848) s(2048-3907024895)
   chs:  (0/32/33)-(1023/254/63)d (0/32/33)-(243201/13/12)r

Primary partition(2)
   type: 000(0x00)(unused)
   size: 0mb #s(0) s(0-0)
   chs:  (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)d (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)r

Primary partition(3)
   type: 000(0x00)(unused)
   size: 0mb #s(0) s(0-0)
   chs:  (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)d (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)r

Primary partition(4)
   type: 000(0x00)(unused)
   size: 0mb #s(0) s(0-0)
   chs:  (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)d (0/0/0)-(0/0/0)r

我尝试过的其他方法：

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo dumpe2fs /dev/sdb1
dumpe2fs 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
dumpe2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb1
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.

ubuntu@ubuntu:~$ sudo fsck /dev/sdb1
fsck from util-linux 2.27.1
e2fsck 1.42.13 (17-May-2015)
ext2fs_open2: Bad magic number in super-block
fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks...
fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sdb1

The superblock could not be read or does not describe a valid ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem.  If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2/ext3/ext4
filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock
is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock:
    e2fsck -b 8193 <device>

 or
    e2fsck -b 32768 <device>

有人对我还可以尝试恢复数据有什么建议吗？

普西

看来您的分区表有些混乱。如果使用任何软件对驱动器进行分区的时间超过了7年左右，则分区应该从扇区2048开始，而不是从扇区63开始。根据gpart的说法，这实际上是文件系统的起始位置，因此您需要更正分区表。使用fdisk删除并重新创建分区，但起始扇区为2048。

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