多级继承,无需调用超类构造函数

洛克希

我创建了三个类:正方形,矩形和多边形。Square是从Rectangle继承的,而Rectangle是从Polygon继承的。

问题是,每当我调用Square构造函数时,都会调用Rectangle构造函数,并且会出现错误。我该如何解决?

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

// Multilevel Inheritance

class Polygon
{
protected:
    int sides;
};

class Rectangle: public Polygon
{
protected:
    int length, breadth;
public:
    Rectangle(int l, int b)
    {
        length = l;
        breadth = b;
        sides = 2;
    }
    void getDimensions()
    {
        cout << "Length = " << length << endl;
        cout << "Breadth = " << breadth << endl;
    }

};

class Square: public Rectangle
{
public:
    Square(int side)
    {
        length = side;
        breadth = length;
        sides = 1;
    }
};

int main(void)
{
    Square s(10);
    s.getDimensions();
}

如果我注释掉Rectangle构造函数,则一切正常。但是我想同时拥有两个构造函数。有什么我可以做的吗?

彼得

您不应在派生类构造函数中设置基类的成员。而是显式调用基类构造函数:

class Polygon
{
protected:
    int sides;
public:
    Polygon(int _sides): sides(_sides) {} // constructor initializer list!
};

class Rectangle: public Polygon
{
protected:
    int length, breadth;
public:
    Rectangle(int l, int b) :
         Polygon(2), // base class constructor
         length(l),
         breadth(b)
    {}
};

class Square: public Rectangle
{
public:
    Square(int side) : Rectangle(side, side)
    {
        // maybe you need to do this, but this is a sign of a bad design:
        sides = 1;
    }
};

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