发现命令在python unittest中不起作用

曼古·辛格·拉杰普罗希特（Mangu Singh Rajpurohit）

我是Python的新手。我试图理解发现选项python unittest模块。我编写了两个测试脚本，其中包含相同的测试（复制了相同的文件以测试发现选项），其内容如下：。

testFirst.py

import unittest

class Test(unittest.TestCase):

    def testFailure(self):

        self.assertFalse(True)

    def testError(self):
        0 / 0

    def testPass(self):
        self.assertTrue(True)

import sys
sys.argv.append("-v")
unittest.main()

testSecond.py

import unittest

class Test(unittest.TestCase):

    def testFailure(self):

        self.assertFalse(True)

    def testError(self):
        0 / 0

    def testPass(self):
        self.assertTrue(True)

import sys
sys.argv.append("-v")
unittest.main()

输出

现在，当我从命令提示符运行“ python -m unittest discover”命令时，得到以下输出：

testError (testFirst.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testFirst.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testFirst.Test) ... ok
testError (testSecond.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testSecond.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testSecond.Test) ... ok

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 6 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures=2, errors=2)
testError (testFirst.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testFirst.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testFirst.Test) ... ok
testSecond (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure) ... ERROR

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
ERROR: testSecond (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: testSecond
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 254, in _find_tests
    module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 232, in _get_module_from_name
    __import__(name)
  File "testSecond.py", line 28, in <module>
    unittest.main()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
    self.runTests()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 234, in runTests
    sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful())
SystemExit: True


======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures=1, errors=2)
testError (testFirst.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testFirst.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testFirst.Test) ... ok
testError (testSecond.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testSecond.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testSecond.Test) ... ok

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testFirst.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testFirst.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 6 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures=2, errors=2)
testFirst (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure) ... ERROR
testError (testSecond.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (testSecond.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (testSecond.Test) ... ok

======================================================================
ERROR: testFirst (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: testFirst
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 254, in _find_tests
    module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 232, in _get_module_from_name
    __import__(name)
  File "testFirst.py", line 28, in <module>
    unittest.main()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
    self.runTests()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 234, in runTests
    sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful())
SystemExit: True


======================================================================
ERROR: testError (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 21, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (testSecond.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "testSecond.py", line 18, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 4 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (failures=1, errors=2)
EE
======================================================================
ERROR: testFirst (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: testFirst
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 254, in _find_tests
    module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 232, in _get_module_from_name
    __import__(name)
  File "testFirst.py", line 28, in <module>
    unittest.main()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
    self.runTests()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 234, in runTests
    sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful())
SystemExit: True


======================================================================
ERROR: testSecond (unittest.loader.ModuleImportFailure)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
ImportError: Failed to import test module: testSecond
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 254, in _find_tests
    module = self._get_module_from_name(name)
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\loader.py", line 232, in _get_module_from_name
    __import__(name)
  File "testSecond.py", line 28, in <module>
    unittest.main()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 95, in __init__
    self.runTests()
  File "C:\Python27\lib\unittest\main.py", line 234, in runTests
    sys.exit(not self.result.wasSuccessful())
SystemExit: True


----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 2 tests in 0.000s

FAILED (errors=2),

这给人的印象是测试执行了多次。为什么会这样呢？我做错了什么？

阿德里安努斯

如果您删除每个文件的最后3行，而是在调用时通过verbose选项 ，则它将只运行一次测试：-vunittest

python -m unittest discover -v

结果：

testError (test_first.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (test_first.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (test_first.Test) ... ok
testError (test_second.Test) ... ERROR
testFailure (test_second.Test) ... FAIL
testPass (test_second.Test) ... ok

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (test_first.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_first.py", line 9, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
ERROR: testError (test_second.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_second.py", line 9, in testError
    0 / 0
ZeroDivisionError: integer division or modulo by zero

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (test_first.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_first.py", line 6, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

======================================================================
FAIL: testFailure (test_second.Test)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "test_second.py", line 6, in testFailure
    self.assertFalse(True)
AssertionError: True is not false

----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 6 tests in 0.004s

FAILED (failures=2, errors=2)

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